Everything you ever wanted to know about elderberries
March 11th, 2010Standardized Elderberry Syrup Shortens the Severity and Duration of Influenza in Adults
View Member Comments(0) Printer Friendly
HerbalGram. 2004;63:16-17 © American Botanical Council (Buy This Issue)
by Donald J. Brown, N.D.
Reviewed: Zakay-Rones Z, Thom E, Wollan T, et al. Randomized study of the efficacy and safety of oral elderberry extract in the treatment of influenza A and B virus infections. J International Med Res. 2004;32:132–140.
Summary: In a randomized, double-blind, placebo controlled trial, 60 male and female patients (18-54 years old; mean 30 years old) were recruited from four primary care sites in Norway to study the efficacy of a standardized elderberry syrup for the treatment of influenza. Patients were screened for participation between December and February, when influenza infection is most prevalent. All volunteers selected for the study had a fever ?38.00C (100.40F) and at least one respiratory influenza symptom. Influenza type A virus was isolated from 54 patients and influenza type B from 6 patients. Patients were randomized to receive either a standardized black elder (Sambucus nigra L., Caprifoliaceae) berry syrup preparation (containing 38% elderberry extract plus small amounts of raspberry extract, glucose, citric acid, and honey; Sambucol®, Razei Bar, Jerusalem, Israel) or a placebo syrup (same as above but with no elderberry). Patients were instructed to take 15 ml of elderberry or placebo 4 times per day. Study medication was started within 48 hours (mean 27.2 hours) of the onset of the influenza-like symptoms and continued for 5 days. Patients were also allowed to take a “rescue medication” (oral paracetamol and/or a dose-metered nasal spray [Otrivin®, Novartis, Basel, Switzerland]) if necessary during the study. The primary study outcomes included visual analogue scores (VAS) for aches and pains, frequency of coughing, quality of sleep, mucus discharge in the respiratory tract, and nasal congestion. The VAS used a 10-point rating scale with 0 = no improvement and 10 = pronounced improvement. A self-evaluation score measuring overall personal well-being was also completed. Patients scored their symptoms on diary cards at baseline, four times a day during treatment, and twice daily for 5 days after the treatment had finished. Baseline VAS scores did not differ significantly between the elderberry and placebo groups. There was a significant difference (p < 0.001) between the two groups in the development of mean VAS scores. By days 3-4 of treatment, most of the VAS scores in the elderberry group were close to 10 (pronounced improvement), while the placebo group reached this level after 7-8 days. A significant difference (p < 0.001) in the global evaluation scores for the two groups was noted after a mean of 3.1 ± 1.3 days, while a similar score was obtained after 7.1 ± 2.5 days in the placebo group. Mean VAS scores for aches and pains, quality of sleep, mucus discharge in the respiratory tract, and nasal congestion were all greater than 9.0 by day 4 in the elderberry group and were ? 1.0 in the placebo group. The mean VAS score for aches and pains was 10.0 at day 5 in the elderberry group and at day 8 in the placebo group. Taking rescue medication was significantly less (p < 0.001) in the elderberry group (7 used paracetamol and 5 the nasal spray) versus the placebo group (26 and 21, respectively). Patients from both groups were fully recovered after 8 days. None of the patients reported any adverse events during the study.
Comments/Opinions: Sponsored by the makers of Sambucol, this trial demonstrates the safety and efficacy of the standardized elderberry syrup for the treatment of influenza A in otherwise healthy adults. A previous Israeli trial with both adults and children showed similar efficacy in the treatment of influenza B/Panama.1 In that trial, 27 subjects were randomized to receive Sambucol for 3 days at the onset of flu symptoms. Adults were instructed to take 4 tablespoons per day and children (under 12 years; the youngest was 5 years old) 2 tablespoons per day. A significant improvement of symptoms, including fever, was seen in 93.3% of the elderberry group within 2 days, compared to 91.7% of the placebo group not showing improvement until day 6 (p <0.001). Complete resolution (“cure” was achieved within 2 to 3 days in approximately 90% of the elderberry group and within 6 days in the placebo group (p < 0.001).
While the active constituents in this extract have not been clearly disclosed, it is thought that anthocyanins such as cyanidin 3-glucoside and cyanidin 3-sambuboside may be the key constituents in the extract.2 Both are detectable in the plasma after oral ingestion of the extract.3 Possible mechanisms of action suggested for the extract include immunomodulatory actions as well as possible inhibition of viral adhesion to cell receptors. One ex vivo study found that incubation of human monocytes with Sambucol increased cytokine production—most notably tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-a) but also various interleukins (IL-1?, IL-6, IL-8).4 An in vitro study found Sambucol inhibited the replication of common human and animal influenza A and B strains as well as prevention of viral adhesion to cell receptors.1
Practice Implications: The results of this clinical trial support the use of a standardized elderberry syrup extract for the treatment of symptoms associated with influenza in otherwise healthy adults. Although based on small clinical trials, the data suggests a 50% reduction in both the severity and duration of symptoms in persons (adults and children) using the extract for 3 to 5 days. Based on the cost effectiveness of elderberry extract, future trials should focus on its potential value in preventing influenza and also its safety and efficacy in high risk populations such as immunocompromised patients, young children and infants, as well as the elderly.
http://www.herbalgram.org/herbalgra...view.asp?a=2702
Here is a link that better explains the process of inflammation and near the bottom of the page it lists typical dosages. Please remember to check for possible interactions with other drugs. Also, check with your doctor for conditions that may exclude its use. http://www.flutrackers.com/forum/showthread.php?t=11785
Echinacia is considered an immune system booster. I haven't looked into the research that might support this. My mom always swore by it and drank all sorts of things with echinacia in it on a daily basis. I saw some articles posted by Shannon or LMonty that echinacia may boost some of the factors that the body produces in its over-reaction to H5N1 that is called the "Cytokine Storm". (Cytokines include interleukins, tumor necrosis factor, other immune system messengers that "cascade" too vigorously in response to H5N1 infection...). Maybe I can find some of those references.
The cytokine storm (and ARDS, acute respiratory distress syndrome) which may result from H5N1 infection is thought to be more likely in children and healthy young people with strong immune systems.
The death rates from H1N1 in the 1918 pandemic supports this hypothesis: 50% of deaths occurred in those 18 to 40 years old, and most died within a day or two.
So do the death rates among the young in Asia from H5N1 today: don't know the exact stats, but 50% of deaths so are in those under 25, I think.There must also be an exposure factor determining who gets ill ill in the first place: the youthful work force in 1918, and kids who care for chickens in Asia today should be factored in.
Thus, there are suggestions that having a strong immune system may be a risk factor for death from H5N1 in the coming pandemic if you get sick. If that is true, then the argument by some is that to the degree that any herbal remedy, medical treatment or vitamin enhances immune function, it may increase risk of death by cytokine storm if you get the bug.
Key will be avoiding becoming infected with H5N1. Social distancing and being reclusive will be a protection. Having food, basic multi-vitamins, vitamin C and other resources available to be able to remain sequestered will be a protection.You and your family don't want to have contact with other humans who could infect you.
Before the pandemic hits, I'm suggesting to my family that we all have the best functioning immune system possible. Prior to pandemic we're continuing with echinacia if we already take that supplement (I don't, but some family members do.). Some family members who keep bees swear by bee propylis. I don't think it increases the cytokines, but I don't know any research on this.
Other family members swear by reservatrol, which is present in full cluster unfiltered concord grape juice (or wine) where grapes are prone to getting a fungus and reservatrol is created on the grape skin in reaction to the fungus. Reservatrol is also found in almonds, peanuts, full cluster unfiltered, hot extracted mulberries, blackberries. I posted on that on another preps thread.
http://www.flutrackers.com/forum/showthread.php?t=2615&highlight=reservatrol
If someone gets sick, we plan to stop the echinacia, but not the propylis, or reservatrol.
Some believe it's helpful to take sambucol before infection and increase the amount if you get infected with H5N1. We're planning to do that. I've made a number of quarts of sambucol tincture from dried elder berries soaked for 10 days in vodka. I didn't sweeten it. It tastes like death warmed over, but I think it helps, given some recent experience with the common flu and pneumonia. I may try making some without alcohol as I am not much of a alcohol consumer. I have also made tea from the dried berries.
If your sambucol supplement contains echinacia perhaps you should discontinue it when the pandemic hits near you.
If the person gets sick, there are other supplements that may reduce cytokine storm (and ARDS). Antihistamine like "Benadryl" or the generic equivalent is another "over the counter drug" we have on hand. It's cheap and available at places like Costco in the US.
Turmeric (95% curcumin) is another anti-cytokine storm herbal remedy. It should be abundant in your part of the world.
Omega 3 fatty acids are said to be beneficial.
Lipitor (10 mg/day) is a prescription drug that may be beneficial in recucing the cytokine storm. It is prescribed for high cholesterol and should be taken under a doc's supervision. The doc checks liver function to make sure you're not one of the rare people who have an adverse reaction.
I have not saved all the scientific research notes I made when sorting my way through various options last fall. I'm willing to see if I can find some of them again on the internet. If so, I will post them under preps. Maybe others who have thought through the "what if's" will contribute as well. We're all in uncharted waters in planning to mitigate the pandemic effects. What each person and family does will have to be based on personal research, what's available where you are, and making your "best guess".
I am not an MD; this is not advice, simply what my family and I are doing. We don't have antivirals, so we're in the same boat as you on that one...
Here's a page of food, materials and supplement preps I made up with some firefighters last fall. Med stuff is at the very bottom under PERSONAL NOTES.
http://www.flutrackers.com/forum/showpost.php?p=134&postcount=1
Oopsie, sorry I hijacked the thread. I could also copy this post over to another preps thread.
2007 Berry Health Benefits Symposium
June 11-12, 2007
Oregon State University
Corvallis, OR
The 2007 International Berry Health Benefits Symposium, June 11-12, 2007 at Oregon State University, focuses on the growing body of scientific knowledge which establishes that dietary intake of berries has a positive and profound effect on human disease prevention.
This dynamic symposium offers excellent networking opportunities to those in the scientific community as well as food writers and health and wellness professionals.
The symposium allows attendees to:
Examine compositional elements and biochemical activities of berries and their relationship to the multitude of observed health benefits.
Listen to the latest research findings and discuss information paramount to developing new ideas and directions to expand knowledge bases.
Interact with fellow colleagues…frame new professional working relationships and further strengthen existing collaborations.
http://oregonstate.edu/conferences/berryhealth2007/
SPEAKERS:
http://oregonstate.edu/conferences/berryhealth2007/schedule.html
Laboratory Tests Show Sambucol® Neutralises Common and Avian Flu Virus H5N1
http://www.prweb.com/releases/2006/1/prweb335082.htm
Shannon, This article/report was about Sambucol. Do you think that Just the Elderberry Extract would be as effective? Or does Sambucol have something else in it to create this response?
Thanks, CO
Description: Elderberry (Sambucus nigra) is commonly used as a food product for wine, pie, and jelly. Its leaves were traditionally used for pain relief and applied to wounds to promote healing. Other traditional uses include treatment of infections, skin conditions, and coughing.
Elderberry contains many flavonoids, including Quercetin. Its therapeutic effects are found both in its berries and flowers.
Elderberry, taken several times daily, appears to cause flu patients to recover more rapidly.1 It may also be effective against herpes simplex (cold sores).2
The elderberry flowers may also be effective as an anti-inflammatory.3
Useful in treatment of: cold sores, influenza.
Recommended Dosage: 5 to 10 ml twice daily.
Contraindications: None.
Additional studies that demonstrated the effectiveness of Sambucol include:
Inhibition of Several Strains of Influenza Virus in Vitro and Reduction of Symptoms by an Elderberry Extract (Sambucus Nigra L.) During an Outbreak of Influenza B Panama
Zichria Zachay-Rones, Ph.D., Noemi Varsano, M.Sc., Moshe Zlotnik, M.D., Orly Manor, Ph.D., Liora Regev, Miriam Schlesinger and Madeleine Mumcuoglu, Ph.D. Department of Virology, Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical School, Jerusalem, Israel; Central Virology Laboratory, Public Health Laboratories, Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel; Ben Gurion University, Soroka Medical Center, Beer Sheva, Israel; Brown School of Public Health and Community Medicine, Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical School, Jerusalem, Israel.
The Journal of Alternative and Complementary Medicine, 1995: 1, 361-369
Abstract:
A standardized elderberry extract, Sambucol® (SAM), reduced hemagglutination
and inhibited replication of human influenza viruses type A/Shangdong 9/93
(H3N3), A/Beijing 32/92 (H3N2), A/Texas 36/91 (H1N1), A/Singapore 6/86
(H1N1), type B/Panama 45/90, B/Yamagata 16/88, B/Ann Arbor 1/86, and of
animal strains from Northern European swine and turkeys, A/Sw/Ger 2/81,
A/Tur/Ger 3/91, and A/Sw/Ger 8533/91 in Madin-Darby canine kidney cells. A
placebo-controlled, double-blind study was carried out on a group of
individuals living in an agricultural community (kibbutz) during an outbreak
of influenza B/Panama in 1993. Fever, feeling of improvement, and complete
cure were recorded during 6 days. Sera obtained in the acute and
convalescent phases were tested for the presence of antibodies to influenza
A, B, respiratory syncytial, and adenoviruses. Convalescent phase serologies
showed higher mean and mean geometric hemagglutination inhibition (HI)
titers to influenza B in group treated with SAM than in the control group. A
significant improvement of the symptoms, including fever, was seen in 93.3%
of the cases in the SAM-treated group within 2 days, whereas in the control
group 91.7% of the patients showed an improvement within 6 days (p>0.001). A
complete cure was achieved within 2 to 3 days in nearly 90% of the
SAM-treated group and within at least 6 days in the placebo group (p>0.001).
No satisfactory medication to cure influenza type A and B is available.
Considering the efficacy of the extract in vitro on all strains of influenza
virus tested, the clinical results, its low cost, and absence of
side-effects, this preparation could offer the possibility for safe
treatment for influenza A and B.
The Effect of Sambucol in Flu-like Symptoms in Chimpanzees (Pan Troglodytes): Prophylactic and Symptom-Dependent Treatment
Beverly Burge, Madeleine Mumcuoglu, Ph.D., Tal Simmons, Ph.D.
Abstract:
The use of Sambucol® for prophylaxis and treatment of flu in chimpanzees was
investigated at the Tisch Family Zoological Garden in Jerusalem, Israel.
Sambucol™ is a commercially produced product containing an extract of
elderberries (Sambucus nigra L.), long known in folk medicine as a treatment
for influenza. The experimental group received 10 ml of Sambucolä while the
control group received a placebo of 10 ml of sugar syrup daily. The
chimpanzees taking Sambucolä exhibited symptoms approximately three times
less often than the chimpanzees of the control group. Individual chimpanzees
in the experimental group also received an increased dosage (15 ml, twice
daily) of Sambucolä when they exhibited symptoms of illness. The duration of
illness in these individuals was approximately three times less than in
untreated chimpanzees that exhibited the same symptoms.
The Effect of Sambucol® on HIV Infection In Vitro
O. Shapira-Nahor, Z. Zakay-Rones and M. Mumcuoglu, Virology Department, Institute of Microbiology, Hebrew University Hadassah, Medical School, POB 12272, Jerusalem 91120, Congress of Microbiology, February 6-7, 1995
Abstract:
Sambucol®, a new product based on the fruit of the black elder, contains a
high amount of three flavonoids. Sambucol exhibited antiviral activity
against various strains of influenza virus (both A and B), herpes virus type
1 and parainfluenza viruses. In this study we tested the ability of Sambucol
to inhibit the infection of laboratory HIV strains as well as clinical HIV
isolates in CD4+ cell lines (CEM and Molt 4) and human peripheral blood
lymphocytes. For this purpose HIV was pre-incubated with two dilutions of
Sambucol before being added to the cells. We determined a significant
reduction in the infectivity of HIV strains (ELI, LAI, HIV IIIb) in the
presence of Sambucol, by measuring the level of HIV core antigen p24 in
supernatants of the infected cultures, as compared with controls without
Sambucol. We did not detect HIV – antigen 5 and 9 days post infection in
cultures infected with patient isolates which were previously treated with
Sambucol. Such an approach may have a practical application in designing a
simple or combined viral intervention therapy for individuals already
exposed to the virus.
References:
1Zakay-Rones Z, Varsano N, Zlotnik M, et al. Inhibition of several strains of influenza virus in vitro and reduction of symptoms by an elderberry extract (Sambucus nigra L) during an outbreak of influenza B in Panama. J Alt Comp Med 1995;1:361–69.
2Serkedjieva J, Manolova N, Zgórniak-Nowosielska I, et al. Antiviral activity of the infusion (SHS-174) from flowers of Sambucus nigra L., aerial parts of Hypericum perforatum L., and roots of Saponaria officinalis L. against influenza and herpes simplex viruses. Phytother Res 1990;4:97–100.
3Mascolo N, Autore G, Capasso G, et al. Biological screening of Italian medicinal plants for anti-inflammatory activity. Phytother Res 1987;1:28–31.
http://www.flutrackers.com/forum/showthread.php?t=39765
This is from post 7 on this thread.
(PRWEB) January 21, 2006 -- Laboratory trials held in a leading research institute, Retroscreen Virology Ltd, associated with the University of London found Sambucol® to be at least 99% effective against the Avian Flu virus H5N1. Sambucol® was effective at
significantly neutralising the infectivity of the virus in cell cultures. These results will also be presented during the International Conference on Bird Flu: “The First Pandemic of the 21st Century. A Central Role for Antivirals”, to be held at St. Bartholomew’s Hospital on January 19th-20th 2006.
Laboratory tests show Sambucol® neutralises Common and Avian Flu Virus H5N1
Added: (Thu Jan 19 2006)
New research, carried out by Retroscreen Virology has indicated that
Sambucol®, a patented formula, may fight the virulent Avian Flu virus. Results have been presented yesterday, Wednesday, in a press conference held in the Royal Society of Medicine, London. Speakers included Prof. Hannoun, Emeritus Professor at the Pasteur Institute and Dr. Mumcuoglu, developer of Sambucol®.
Laboratory trials held in a leading research institute, Retroscreen Virology
Ltd, associated with the University of London found Sambucol® to be at least
99% effective against the Avian Flu virus H5N1. Sambucol® was effective at
significantly neutralising the infectivity of the virus in cell cultures. These
results will also be presented during the International Conference on Bird Flu:
“The First Pandemic of the 21st Century. A Central Role for Antivirals”, to be
held at St. Bartholomew’s Hospital on January 19th-20th 2006.
Dr. Madeleine Mumcuoglu, is looking into further investigations into the
activity of Sambucol® against Avian Flu on a wider scale.
In an earlier study (1995) Sambucol® was found to be effective against a wide range of influenza strains. Laboratory studies conducted at the Hebrew
University – Hadassah Medical School, Jerusalem demonstrated the activity
of Sambucol® against human, swine, and avian influenza strains.
Sambucol®'s efficacy was also demonstrated in two double blind, placebo
controlled clinical studies. Sambucol® was shown to cut the duration and
severity of the common flu by up to half.
ENDS
Notes to editors;
Sambucol® is based on an active substance isolated from the black elderberry.
Manufactured by Razei Bar Industries Israel, Sambucol® is available in 17
countries and in the UK is sold in Tesco, leading chemists, independent health
food stores and wholesalers from £8.49.
For photography please visit the following site and enter the log in details:
FTP address: ftp://pixelit.co.il
user name: ftp_razeibar
63+84675
For further press information please contact: Francesca Gaffey/Cheryl Davies,
Communique Public Relations, Waterside, No2 Canal Street, Manchester, M1
3HE. Tel: 0161 242 5120/0161 242 5108 Fax: 0161 228 7391 E-mail:
francesca.gaffey@communiquepr.co.uk cheryl.davies@communiquepr.co.uk
For research information please visit: Retroscreen Virology Ltd. at:
http://www.retroscreen.com/
For product information please visit:
Razei Bar Industries (1996) Ltd. At: www.sambucol.com
Submitted by: Heidi Grevler (http://www.forumwhore.com/proxy/cgi-bin/nph-proxy.cgi/000000A/http/pb.intelli-direct.com/e/PExit.dll?m=190&p=2&url=mailto:admin@pressbox.co.uk rel=) Find out more (http://www.forumwhore.com/proxy/cgi-bin/nph-proxy.cgi/000000A/http/www.pressbox.co.uk/cgi-bin/links/jump.cgi?ID=52108)
I know, I read that. That can be a real problem.
But catching a cold during a pandemic, then the bird flu on top of it, would be a deadly combination.
But then, if one is SIP, one should not be catching cold.
But I seem very susceptible to the cold virus, and not the (ordinary) flu.
I have never had the flu.
I think I might continue with the extract in a pandemic.
It's a real dilemma. :confused:
Has elderberry extract been used on any of the bird flu patients? I think it should be used to see if it makes a difference.
Before I came here I was confused about this subject.
Having listened to your lecture I am still confused.
But on a higher level.
~ Enrico Fermi ~
I had three 8 oz bottles onthe prep shelf. Wednesday a friend of my husbands came to help us tile the kitchen floor. Thursday afternoon, I woke (I worked the night before) to find him laying on the living room couch, with high fever and full blown flu symptoms. He'd started feeling a bit crummy that morning, bbut the worse symptoms started about 2 hrs before i woke at 5 pm.
I immediately started him on 2 tbs sambucol, tylenol and guafenisin cough syrup.
started DH and myself on 2 tsp twice a day for me, and 3 tsp twice daily for DH.
significant symptom relief in one hour, which i attributed to the tylenol reducing the fever and subsequent aches.
within 24 hrs, he was feeling much better, and acting pretty normal, and totally convinced the meds were helping. as they wore off he felt worse and actively asked for more to prevent feeling so crummty again.
temp for two days, but much milder after the sambucol started, easily contollled with tylenol or aleve.
what was interesting was that his boss started with symptoms almost the same time, which he learned from a phone call the next morning. so they must have been exposed to the same source. the boss was sicker longer, my guests was convinced the treatment plan had made things better for him.
what I learned-
it really is just that easy to get exposed! when he came in the evening before, he appeared just fine, no apparent illness. he was probalby shedding virus all over everything in the house from the moment he touched the doorknob to come in when he arrived.
I did feel a helluva lot better about it because I had something I could do to help! Every penny of prep money just got justified. This wasnt an emergency liek pandemic flu, but it could easily have been and expensive and miserable experience. I think the sambucol really helped. Having the feling of competance and the comfort of preps is priceless.
It takes a lot of sambucol to treat one flu pt. and do prophylaxis on two more. we went through almost two full 8 oz bottles of sambucol in 4 days. and one 6 oz bottle of cough med. making my own is the only way I'd be able to afford having enough to last through a long period of prophylaxis, especially if I want to share with others.
the sugar free version has a mild laxative action- not bad at prohylactic dose, but at full dose it might have caused loose/liquid stools and added to the possiblity of dehydration? another reason to make my own and use an alternbative sweetner like stevia.
an observation- he had some upper airway congestion, and even though I didntgive him a decongestant, for about 5 hrs after the sambucol his congeestion improved. it strted to come back just befor ethe next dose was due (4 times daily for treatment) It would be interesting to see if this effect is noted by others.
Order Sambucus nigra elder plants. or S. canadanesis (ssp nigra) for best medicinals
I got this information from goatlady...
Usually arrive as a bare root, 18" "whip" with barely any roots at all.
Plant in a place somewhat protected from the wind. Plant several plants so cross-fertilization can occur. Expect plants to grow to 12' tall. Berries are produced on second year growth. Stems can be bent over to pick the clusters of berries.
To plant, dig the typical hole twice as wide as you are planting deep
put a handful of compost in the bottom
stick in the "whip" start
fill in hole and water
You can add more dirt as it settles.
My research shows that if you're from California and you order from a nursery outside of CA, there's a $25 inspection fee that gets added on to the whole order, so it's better to go in with a friend and order several plants at least. The order is inspected for some kind of root disease that can infect california grapes.
Here's the least expensive place if ordering to plant outside of California:
Nova, York, John & Adams are black elderberry
http://www.alcasoft.com/pense/morebery.html
If you're ordering to plant in CA - USA, check with your local nurseries first to see if they have any available or can get them. Be sure they're Sambucus nigra. Sambucus canadensis are native to the west coast and do not have the same level of sambucol, I've heard. Sambucus nigra were originally from Europe and used extensively as a medicinal.
Effects of Herbal Preparations on the Propagation of Influenza Viruses
The conclusion of the researchers was there are a handful of herbs which suppress the replication actions of influenza viruses A and B in the presence herbal decoctions.
They found that of the 12 herbs tested mullein had the strongest action for both A and B viruses.
B viruses were reduced by (in descending order)
1. flowers of mullein (significantly)
2. flowers of elder
3. flowers of yarrow
4. garlic juice (modestly)
A viruses were
1. flowers of mullein (significantly)
2. common thyme
3. garlic juice
This paper has given us some interesting possibilities. It also needs some clarification for some of our suggestions re: sambucus (elderberry).
Adding mullein tea to our arsenal of weapons against H5N1 appears to be in order. The addition of thyme, elder flowers, yarrow flowers and possibly honey and garlic juice to the tea, would appear to be efficacious as well.
The garlic juice would need to be added after the tea is cooled as heating negates the viricidal properties. Alos my herbal books state that verbascum leaf (mullein) has better capabilities for lung ailments than does the flower. The leaf was not tested in the above study.
This team of researchers used a decoction (tea) to test the viricidal action of the plants. When they tested the berries the results were very disappointing for virus suppressing activities. This is in keeping with prior research saying that using the berries alone has little effect. This research team did not use the berries in tincture. Therefore, there appears to be no benefit from simply using the berries in a tea or even cooked in pies etc,... Tincture of elderberries alone are worthwhile as an antiviral. However, the blossom of elderberries did come in fifth in the list of antiviral contenders.
The remaining question is how much effect would a decoction have once drunk. Does the herb have to come into contact with the virus to be worthwhile? Or, does the herb make it into the bloodstream and go on killing/disabling the virus in all parts of the body? Herbalists would argue for the latter. In any event, adding the herbs listed above and drinking a tea made of them daily would not harm anyone (with a few contraindications) and could very well be of tremendous value in killing the virus and/or reducing the viral loading dose thereby increasing the chances of survival once infected.
In June of 2005 two doctors in Hong Kong published an article in the Hong Kong Journal of Medicine. They were two of the attending physicians in the first outbreaks of Avian flu in 1997. Within the article the two described the actions they had taken and why they took those actions to save their patients lives. Half of the patients died of A.R.D.S. or cytokine storms. In the conclusion they wrote the only way to limit the deaths of their patients was by somehow limiting the viral lode. Nothing else they tried worked. The doctors reached the same conclusion in their latest article. Limiting the viral lode is the only known way to better your chance of survival.
In the Oct. 6, 2005, issue of Nature, on page 794 is the Special Report on "The 1918 flu virus is resurrected" article. Dr. Taubenberger reproduced the virus that is responsible for the pandemic of 1918. Within the article they stated "The full sequence is strong evidence that the 1918 flu virus is derived wholly from an ancestor that originally infected birds. In contrast, the viruses that caused the flu pandemics of 1957 and 1968 arose when human and Avian flu viruses infected the same person at the same time, allowing their genes to mix. This explains why the pandemic of 1918 was so much more devastating than were the two subsequent pandemics.
All eight of the genome segments from the 1918 virus differ in important ways from other human flu sequences, suggesting that none of the genome came from a strain that had previously infected people. 'It is the most bird-like of all mammalian flu virus,' says Taubenberger."
They injected the reconstructed virus into mice. What happened to the mice is chilling. There were 50 times as many virus particles released from lung cells a day after infection than in a comparable strain of influenza called the Texas virus. After two days of infection of the 1918 strain the mice lost 13% of their body weight. The weight loss in the Texas flu group was only transient. After four days there were a whopping 39,000 more virus particles found in the lung tissue of the 1918 group than were found in the Texas group. And finally every mouse injected with the 1918 virus died while none of the Texas group succumbed. The mice never had a chance because the viral lode was too high.
Researchers suggest that this new flu threat acts in the same way. It both is brand new to the human race and therefore we have no defence against it, and it multiplies at a faster rate overwhelming the body.
Limiting the number of virus by stopping the replication is paramount to survival. For that reason I have chosen to use the elderberry extract which has shown both in test tubes, and in humans to disable the haemagglutonin thereby reducing it's ability to replicate.
I am concerned however about the possible boost in cytokine levels. To mitigate any possible serious inflammatory response we will be taking the curcumin/piperine combo to reduce any inflammation. In conjunction I feel they should both inhibit the viruses ability to replicate and reduce my chance of inciting a cytokine storm.
It is also of paramount importance that the extract has to be taken as soon as infection occurs. Or even better yet, prior to infection. Using the product prophylactically should prevent the flu from ever getting a foothold in the body. This would then limit the viral lode. And as all the experts agree, limiting the viral lode is the best way to survive a bout of the bird flu.
With Reverence to you Milady
1 lb (appx 1/2 kilo) of dried European black elder berries
(Sambucus nigra, not S.canadensis that grows as a native on west coast USA)
be aware they have a strong smell
Divided equally into 3 quart (liter) jars; should fill them a third to half full
Fill jars with vodka to within 3/4 inch of the top
Screw on lid
Turn upside down several times, making sure there are no leaks
(as I recall, 3-4 bottles (1.75 liter) of vodka did 4 pounds or about 2 kilos of berries)
Place in cool dark cupboard, closet or cellar for 10-14 days
Turn upside down several times every day or every few days
The alcohol draws out the sambucol from the berries
Separating elderberries from sambucol tincture:
You need fine mesh strainer, 2 large lightweight bowls, clean quart jars, ladel or cup to dip
Remove jars to kitchen sink
Elderberries stain, so be careful of your countertop. I work in the sink.
Put fine mesh strainer in a big lightweight bowl and pour the elder berry mixture into the mesh.
My strainer holds all 3 jars worth of berries.
When done dumping, lift the strainer out and into another bowl so it can continue draining.
(Some people have used a press to get out excess juice.)
Ladel or pour the vodka-sambucol mixture into clean quart jars. Throw away the berries.
(As it was winter time, I put them in the refrigerator and made tea out of some of them. Tasty evening treat.)
Storing:
The vodka-sambucol mixture will store for up to 5-6 years in a cool dark place as an unsweetened tincture. It's recommended to add sugar and gently heat prior to dosing yourself. I haven't done that, just take it as medicine.
One person said her family is taking 2 teaspoons per day when pandemic threatens and is upping it to 2 tablespoons a day if they think they've been exposed. I took a jigger twice a day during a recent viral infection.
I got elder berries here, although there are other places:
http://www.herbalcom.com/
(1 pound of dried Sambucus nigra costs about $5.30)
There is a shelf-life of less than a year for much of the Sambucol products. For homemade elder berry extract the shelf-life is at least two years.
If you plan to use this prophylactically, that is before you get infected and take on a daily basis, then you are going to need a lot of the product. Most of us don't have that kind of funding. Making your is quite simple and far less costly. And you can afford to up your dosage without breaking the bank if you are concerned about its efficacy.
The reason the Sambucol folks investigated the berries in the first place was because, it had been known in herbal circles for centuries as a flu cure. It worked in other words before the Sambucol people ever got hold ot the first berry and processed it. Not that I want to denigrate the good people at Sambucol. Without them we would not have the scientific studies backing the products. And I buy the stuff when I have a normal flu.
Lastly, there is some confusion over which Sambucol product to buy. Please do not buy the one containg echinacea as it will enhance your immune system. This is the response we want to avoid during bf. However for the garden variety flu it works very well.
I plan to take anywhere from one to three teaspoons a day prophylacticaly, it will depend on my percieved fear of exposure. If I know, or even suspect I have been exposed, I will up the dosage for myself to 3 tablespoons. A child younger than twelve would get one-half the amount and, my granddaughter, aged two, would get one-quarter the amount.
http://www.botanical.com/botanical/mgmh/e/elder-04.html
It does appear to have some anti-viral properties as well but not to the same extent as do the berries. It is mostly known for reducing fevers and use in skin preparations.
---Constituents---The most important constituent of Elder Flowers is a trace of semisolid volatile oil, present to the extent only of 0.32, per cent possessing the odour of the flowers in a high degree. It is obtained by distilling the fresh flowers with water, saturating the distillate with salt and shaking it with ether. On evaporating the ethereal solution, the oil is obtained as a yellowish, buttery mass. Without ether, fresh Elder flowers yield 0.037 per cent of the volatile oil and the dried flowers 0.0027 per cent only.
Elder Flower Water (Aqua Sambuci) is an official preparation of the British Pharmacopoeia, which directs that it be made from 100 parts of Elder Flowers distilled with 500 parts of water (about 10 lb. to the gallon), and that if fresh Elder flowers are not obtainable, an equivalent quantity of the flowers preserved with common salt be used. The product has at first a distinctly unpleasant odour, but gradually acquires an agreeably aromatic odour, and it is preferable not to use it until this change has taken place.
Elder Flower Water is employed in mixing medicines and chiefly as a vehicle for eye and skin lotions. It is mildly astringent and a gentle stimulant. It is the Eau de Sureau of the Continent, Sureau being the French name of the Eider.
Here is a recipe that can be carried out at home: Fill a large jar with Elder blossoms, pressing them down, the stalks of course having been removed previously. Pour on them 2 quarts of boiling water and when slightly cooled, add 1 1/2 OZ. of rectified spirits. Cover with a folded cloth, and stand the jar in a warm place for some hours. Then allow it to get quite cold and strain through muslin. Put into bottles and cork securely.
Elderflower Water in our great-grandmothers' days was a household word for clearing the complexion of freckles and sunburn, and keeping it in a good condition. Every lady's toilet table possessed a bottle of the liquid, and she relied on this to keep her skin fair and white and free from blemishes, and it has not lost its reputation. Its use after sea-bathing has been recommended, and if any eruption should appear on the face as the effect of salt water, it is a good plan to use a mixture composed of Elder Flower Water with glycerine and borax, and apply it night and morning.
Elder Flowers, if placed in the water used for washing the hands and face, will both whiten and soften the skin-a convenient way being to place them in a small muslin bag. Such a bag steeped in the bathwater makes a most refreshing bath and a wellknown French doctor has stated that he considers it a fine aid in the bath in cases of irritability of the skin and nerves.
The flowers were used by our forefathers in bronchial and pulmonary affections, and in scarlet fever, measles and other eruptive diseases. An infusion of the dried flowers, Elder Flower Tea, is said to promote expectoration in pleurisy; it is gently laxative and aperient and is considered excellent for inducing free perspiration. It is a good oldfashioned remedy for colds and throat trouble, taken hot on going to bed. An almost infallible cure for an attack of influenza in its first stage is a strong infusion of dried Elder Blossoms and Peppermint. Put a handful of each in a jug, pour over them a pint and a half of boiling water, allow to steep, on the stove, for half an hour then strain and sweeten and drink in bed as hot as possible. Heavy perspiration and refreshing sleep will follow, and the patient will wake up well on the way to recovery and the cold or influenza will probably be banished within thirty-six hours. Yarrow may also be added.
Elder Flower Tea, cold, was also considered almost as good for inflammation of the eyes as the distilled Elder Flower Water.
Tea made from Elder Flowers has also been recommended as a splendid spring medicine, to be taken every morning before breakfast for some weeks, being considered an excellent blood purifier.
Externally, Elder Flowers are used in fomentations, to ease pain and abate inflammation. An old writer tells us:
'There be nothing more excellent to ease the pains of the haemorrhoids than a fomentation made of the flowers of the Elder and Verbusie, or Honeysuckle in water or milk for a short time. It easeth the greatest pain. '
A lotion, too, can be made by pouring boiling water on the dried blossoms, which is healing, cooling and soothing. Add 2 1/2 drachms of Elder Flowers to 1 quart of boiling water, infuse for an hour and then strain. The liquor can be applied as a lotion by means of a linen rag, for tumours boils, and affections of the skin, and is said to be effective put on the temples against headache and also for warding off the attacks of flies.
A salad of young Elder buds, macerated a little in hot water and dressed with oil, vinegar and salt, has been used as a remedy against skin eruptions.
Elder Vinegar made from the flowers is an old remedy for sore throat.
A good ointment is also prepared from the flowers by infusion in warm lard, useful for dressing wounds, burns and scalds, which is used, also, as a basis for pomades and cosmetic ointments, Elder Flower Ointment (Unguentum Sambuci) was largely used for wounded horses in the War - the Blue Cross made a special appeal for supplies - but it is also good for human use and is an old remedy for chapped hands and chilblains. Equal quantities of the fresh flowers and of lard are taken, the flowers are heated with the lard until they become crisp, then strained through a linen cloth with pressure and allowed to cool. For use as a Face Cream, (This preparation is hardly suitable as a cosmetic, as lard induces the growth of hair. - EDITOR.) the directions are a little more elaborate, but it is essentially the same: Melt lard in a pan then add a small cup of cold water and stir well. Simmer with the lid on for about an hour and finally let the mixture boil with the lid off until all the water has evaporated; this will have happened when, on stirring, no steam arises. Place on one side to cool a little and then pass the liquid fat through a piece of muslin so that it may be well strained and free from impurities. Take a quantity of Elder Flowers equal in weight to the lard and place these in the lard. Then boil up the mixture again, keeping it simmering for a good hour. At the end of that time, strain the whole through a coarse cloth and when cool, the ointment will be ready for use.
Elder Flowers, with their subtle sweet scent, entered into much delicate cookery, in olden days. Formerly the creamy blossoms were beaten up in the batter of flannel cakes and muffins, to which they gave a more delicate texture. They were also boiled in gruel as a fever-drink, and were added to the posset of the Christening feast.
One question. I have stocked Sambucol syrup for my 2 littlest children. However, I bought capsules for my oldest, hubby, me. They are Nature's Way brand. Elderberry Berries & Flowers 575mg - 2 X 2/day. A 2 capsule "serviing" contains berry @ 920mg and flower @ 230mg. Is this equivilent in antiviral properties to the syrup?
Not looking for a definative answer, just your opinion. Thanks!
Laboratory Tests Show Sambucol® Neutralises Common and Avian Flu Virus H5N1
Laboratory Tests Show Sambucol® Neutralises Common and Avian Flu Virus H5N1
Download this press release as an Adobe PDF document.
New research, carried out by Retroscreen Virology has indicated that Sambucol®, a patented formula, may fight the virulent Avian Flu virus. Results have been presented yesterday, Wednesday, in a press conference held in the Royal Society of Medicine, London. Speakers included Prof. Hannoun, Emeritus Professor at the Pasteur Institute and Dr. Mumcuoglu, developer of Sambucol®.
(PRWEB) January 21, 2006 -- Laboratory trials held in a leading research institute, Retroscreen Virology Ltd, associated with the University of London found Sambucol® to be at least 99% effective against the Avian Flu virus H5N1. Sambucol® was effective at
significantly neutralising the infectivity of the virus in cell cultures. These results will also be presented during the International Conference on Bird Flu: “The First Pandemic of the 21st Century. A Central Role for Antivirals”, to be held at St. Bartholomew’s Hospital on January 19th-20th 2006.
Dr. Madeleine Mumcuoglu, is looking into further investigations into the activity of Sambucol® against Avian Flu on a wider scale.
In an earlier study (1995) Sambucol® was found to be effective against a wide range of influenza strains. Laboratory studies conducted at the Hebrew University – Hadassah Medical School, Jerusalem demonstrated the activity
of Sambucol® against human, swine, and avian influenza strains. Sambucol®'s efficacy was also demonstrated in two double blind, placebo controlled clinical studies. Sambucol® was shown to cut the duration and
severity of the common flu by up to half.
Notes to editors;
Sambucol® is based on an active substance isolated from the black elderberry.
Manufactured by Razei Bar Industries Israel, Sambucol® is available in 17 countries and in the UK is sold in Tesco, leading chemists, independent health food stores and wholesalers from £8.49.
http://www.prweb.com/releases/2006/1/prweb335082.htm
The effect of Sambucol, a black elderberry-based, natural product, on the production of human cytokines: I. Inflammatory cytokines.
Barak V, Halperin T, Kalickman I.
Immunology Laboratory for Tumor Diagnosis, Department of Oncology, Hadassah University Hospital, Jerusalem, Israel.
Sambucus nigra L. products - Sambucol - are based on a standardized black elderberry extract. They are natural remedies with antiviral properties, especially against different strains of influenza virus. Sambucol was shown to be effective in vitro against 10 strains of influenza virus. In a double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized study, Sambucol reduced the duration of flu symptoms to 3-4 days. Convalescent phase serum showed a higher antibody level to influenza virus in the Sambucol group, than in the control group. The present study aimed to assess the effect of Sambucol products on the healthy immune system - namely, its effect on cytokine production. The production of inflammatory cytokines was tested using blood - derived monocytes from 12 healthy human donors. Adherent monocytes were separated from PBL and incubated with different Sambucol preparations i.e., Sambucol Elderberry Extract, Sambucol Black Elderberry Syrup, Sambucol Immune System and Sambucol for Kids. Production of inflammatory cytokines (IL-1 beta, TNF-alpha, IL-6, IL-8) was significantly increased, mostly by the Sambucol Black Elderberry Extract (2-45 fold), as compared to LPS, a known monocyte activator (3.6-10.7 fold). The most striking increase was noted in TNF-alpha production (44.9 fold). We conclude from this study that, in addition to its antiviral properties, Sambucol Elderberry Extract and its formulations activate the healthy immune system by increasing inflammatory cytokine production. Sambucol might therefore be beneficial to the immune system activation and in the inflammatory process in healthy individuals or in patients with various diseases. Sambucol could also have an immunoprotective or immunostimulatory effect when administered to cancer or AIDS patients, in conjunction with chemotherapeutic or other treatments. In view of the increasing popularity of botanical supplements, such studies and investigations in vitro, in vivo and in clinical
Elderberries could combat bird flu
Last Modified: 18 Jan 2006
Source: ITN
A extract from black elderberries could be used to combat the bird flu virus, according to research.
A study looked at whether the food supplement Sambucol could combat the deadly H5N1 strain of bird flu when added to canine cells in laboratory tests.
The team, from research institute Retroscreen Virology, found that the elderberry-based product was at least 99 per cent effective at reducing the virus in the cells.
But experts warned that many more studies were needed to find out whether the formula was effective in combating H5N1 in humans.
The virulent H5N1 strain of avian flu has already killed more than 80 people, mainly in Asia, after they contracted it from close contact with birds.
But there are fears that the virus could mutate into a form that is easily passed from human to human, leading to a flu pandemic which could potentially kill millions worldwide.
The main medical solutions in case of a pandemic include a vaccine, but this could take up to six months to develop once the strain emerges.
Countries around the world are stockpiling antiviral drugs which can reduce the length and severity of flu symptoms.
Also, the sambucol I have does have echinesia in it, you're suggesting that we shouldn't use that? Can you clear that up a bit for me please? Thanks! z.
It is working on my colds real well.
(A crazee thought: Maybe I am catching the flu every week? Maybe I hold a world record? :D )
I drink various berry juices almost daily, at least 1/2 cup daily. But the canned juices do not stop the cold symptoms from developing.
Taking either Sambucol or homemade elderberry extract does knock out the cold from developing further. I find it interesting also. There must be more going on.
It works for me so far, and has made a great improvement in my health, so I am happy. :)
I take 2 tablespoons of my homemade elderberry extract at the first sign of a cold. That amount knocks out the symptoms within 2 hours. Then I take another dose 4 hours after the first. My cold is now gone. But then I take a third dose 4 hours later, just to be safe. That marks the end of the infection.
The cold season is upon us, and I have been inundated with cold symptoms lately. Each time I leave the house to run an errand, within a day or two I am presented with cold symptoms. My industrial strength homemade elderberry extract will knock out the symptoms within a few hours, so thankfully, I have not been ill with a debilitating cold for a couple of years now. It is my new miracle drug. And I am more productive, since I am not out sick so often.
I have been meaning to try my handpicked mullein tea to ward off the symptoms, but the elderberry is much simpler to take, as it does not need the 20 minute steeping period before I can consume it. So I cannot attest to mullein's effectiveness in stopping a cold from taking over.
It seems to me I am taking the elderberry at least 3 times a week now, just for the common cold. :(
Since the cold season is upon us, if anyone else might be acquiring cold symptoms more often than myself, do you feel the need to take the elderberry extract or mullein tea on a daily basis?
I have not had a full-blown cold since I began using the elderberry over the last 2 years.
I am also wondering if elderberry or mullein is useful in MRSA, dengue, malaria, or chikungunya? This would be interesting. If the old herbal remedies could knock out these diseases also, then taking these remedies daily might prove useful to those that may be constantly exposed to the diseases..
:tiphat:
“Life belongs to the living, and he who lives must be prepared for changes.”
~ Johann Wolfgang von Goethe ~
A standardized elderberry extract, Sambucol (SAM), reduced hemagglutination and inhibited replication of human influenza viruses type A/Shangdong 9/93 (H3N2), A/Beijing 32/92 (H3N2), A/Texas 36/91 (H1N1), A/Singapore 6/86 (H1N1), type B/Panama 45/90, B/Yamagata 16/88, B/Ann Arbor 1/86, and of animal strains from Northern European swine and turkeys, A/Sw/Ger 2/81, A/Tur/Ger 3/91, and A/Sw/Ger 8533/91 in Madin-Darby canine kidney cells. A placebo-controlled, double blind study was carried out on a group of individuals living in an agricultural community (kibbutz) during an outbreak of influenza B/Panama in 1993. Fever, feeling of improvement, and complete cure were recorded during 6 days. Sera obtained in the acute and convalescent phases were tested for the presence of antibodies to influenza A, B, respiratory syncytial, and adenoviruses. Convalescent phase serologies showed higher mean and mean geometric hemagglutination inhibition (HI) titers to influenza B in the group treated with SAM than in the control group. A significant improvement of the symptoms, including fever, was seen in 93.3% of the cases in the SAM-treated group within 2 days, whereas in the control group 91.7% of the patients showed an improvement within 6 days (p < 0.001). A complete cure was achieved within 2 to 3 days in nearly 90% of the SAM-treated group and within at least 6 days in the placebo group (p < 0.001). No satisfactory medication to cure influenza type A and B is available. Considering the efficacy of the extract in vitro on all strains of influenza virus tested, the clinical results, its low cost, and absence of side-effects, this preparation could offer a possibility for safe treatment for influenza A and B
[Protective effect of tea on immune function in mice].
Zhu M, Gong Y, Yang Z.
Zhonghua Yu Fang Yi Xue Za Zhi. 1998 Sep; 32(5):270-4.
OBJECTIVE: To study the mechanism of preventive effect of tea on cancer by immune regulation. METHODS: A tumor model was induced in mice using carcinogen, 4-methyl-nitrosoamino-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone (NNK), to examine their changes in immune function and the effects of green tea, mixed tea and polyphenol on protection from tumor. RESULTS: During the four weeks of observation after injection of NNK into mice, their immunological indicators, such as cytophagocytosis of macrophage in the abdominal cavity, chemiluminescence of peripheral leukocyte, delayed allergic reaction, count of antibody-forming spleen cells and activity of spleen nature killer cells, etc. increased or decreased to various extent, as compared with those in normal controls. It was found that whether green tea, mixed tea or polyphenol all showed significant protection from adverse changes in immune functions. CONCLUSION: Tea and its components had significant protection from early adverse changes in immune function in tumorgenesis induced by NNK
#If you have any other info about this subject , Please add it free.# |
Posted in dballastages.com | edit